Padded coif, usually made of linen, wool, even leather, used to protect the head from chaffing against the helmet or mail coif, and to improve the fitting of the helmet.
See: Mário José Silva Meleiro, '"Novidade de Palavras" no Português do século XV', Ph.D. thesis in Historical Linguistics, Universidade Clássica de Lisboa, 2011, p. 89.
Sling mounted on a stave. This sling was relatively small, but because it was mounted on a staff and it could be swang with both hands, it was capable of sending stone projectiles to considerable height, even over castle walls.
From the 13th century it was used by foot soldiers as a missile weapon, especially if there was a shortage of lances or spears. See: João Gouveia Monteiro, A Guerra em Portugal nos finais da Idade Média (Lisbon: Editorial Notícias, 1998), p,532.
Plate armour for the shins, if worn only on the front, or for the whole lower leg if made in two enclosing pieces. (TC)
In Fernando, ch.87: 62, the word "grave", probably means a glaive, since Fernão Lopes is lsting the weapons a fully equipped men-of-arms is expected to have.