Bodyguard (as a mace was considered a short-range protection weapon).
'Besteiro' was a soldier serving with a crossbow (bèsta). There were many different types of 'besteiros' in Portugal, from 'besteiro da câmara' to 'besteiro da garrucha', 'besteiro do mar', etc. See Joaquim de Santa Rosa Viterbo, Elucidário das Palavras, Termos e Frases que em Portugal Antigamente se Usaram (Lisbon: 1865), vol. 1, pp. 132-133.
Religious military order established by Alfonso VII of Castile when he gave the Castle of Calatrava to the Knights Templar.
Pope Alexander III ratified the Order of Calatrava in 1164.
In 1211, a group of Calatrava knights settled in Portugal on lands awarded by King Afonso II in Avis. Initially the order was linked to the headquarters in Castile, but eventually became independent as the Order of Avis.
Lançar a távola / lançar a tavolado / jogar as távolas: Jousting game or hastilude in which the competitor targeted lances or darts at a wooden board while riding a horse. (IM)
See also: 'Lançar a tavolado' and ' jogo das tábulas'.
Medieval fortress-like palace of Arabic origin (al-qaṣr), usualy with a rectangular shape, large inner patio and powerful towers reinforcing each corner. One of the most famous is the alcazar of Seville.